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Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies
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Toward a Cultural Contingency Model of Leadership

Jan P. Muczyk

Air Force Institute of Technology

Daniel T. Holt

Air Force Institute of Technology, Daniel.Holt{at}afit.edu

To succeed in today's economy, multinational and transnational organizations must have strong leaders who are versed in global leadership principles. Unfortunately, 85% of Fortune 500 executives report that their firms lack enough competent global leaders. Relying on leadership theories based solely on North American experiences will unlikely ameliorate this shortfall. Accordingly, the authors integrate the Project GLOBE cultural imperatives with mainstream leadership dimensions to produce global leadership prescriptions. Examples of regional leadership styles based on regional cultural determinants are also provided. This prospective framework serves as a springboard to help guide and develop leaders who wish to transcend geographical boundaries and effectively lead in a culturally diverse, global context.

Key Words: leadership • global leadership • management styles • situational leadership

Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, Vol. 14, No. 4, 277-286 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1548051808315551
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